The Process of Price Discovery
Futures prices increase and decrease largely because of the myriad
factors that influence buyers' and sellers' judgments about what
a particular commodity will be worth at a given time in the future
(anywhere from less than a month to more than two years).
As new supply and demand developments occur and as new and more
current information becomes available, these judgments are reassessed
and the price of a particular futures contract may be bid upward
or downward. The process of reassessment--of price discovery--is
continuous.
Thus, in January, the price of a July futures contract would reflect
the consensus of buyers' and sellers' opinions at that time as
to what the value of a commodity or item will be when the contract
expires in July. On any given day, with the arrival of new or more
accurate information, the price of the July futures contract might
increase or decrease in response to changing expectations.
Competitive price discovery is a major economic function--and,
indeed, a major economic benefit--of futures trading. The trading
floor of a futures exchange is where available information about
the future value of a commodity or item is translated into the language
of price. In summary, futures prices are an ever changing barometer
of supply and demand and, in a dynamic market, the only certainty
is that prices will change.
Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
The risk of loss exists in futures and options trading.
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